2.2.2. Chilean Journal (Ex- Agricultura Técnica)

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https://biblioteca.inia.cl/handle/20.500.14001/68348

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Examinando 2.2.2. Chilean Journal (Ex- Agricultura Técnica) por Materia "agroclimatologia"

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    Artículo
    Spatial dynamics and consistency of agroclimatic trends in Chile during 1985-2015 to the Köppen- Geiger climate classification

    Autor: Orrego V., Raúl; Abarca del R., Rodrigo; Lara U., Claudia

    Serie Documental: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research

    N° Publicación: v. 81(4) p. 618-629

    Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

    N° 13: Adoptar medidas urgentes para combatir el cambio climático y sus efectos

    The Köppen-Geiger classification is one of the most common climate classification systems in the world. It allows classifying ecosystem distribution based on temperature and precipitation, two critical factors in climate, and vegetation cover’s sensitivity. We analyzed the dynamics and spatial consistency of agroclimatic variables in each type of Köppen- Geiger climate present in Chile, visualizing the variables’ behavior throughout the territory. Thus, we computed the trends of different climate and agroclimatic variables in each meteorological station, mapping their slope and statistical significance, and comparing their sense among all those that belong to the same climate zone. Our global trends analysis showed a thermal amplitude decrease in northern and central areas in about 12.03% and 20.3%, respectively, and an increase in south and southern areas in about 13.7% and 26.3%. A generalized increase in frost events (2.90%-16.02%) took place mainly in the country’s northern part. Results showed higher concordance percentages in stations belonging to the Köppen-Geiger type B (dry climate) and C (temperate climate). Thus, an increase in the maximum temperature occurred from north-central to south zones, a decrease in minimum temperature from north to central zone, and an increase in highlands (700-4000 m a.s.l.), central, south, and southern zone of the country. Also, a precipitation decrease and thermal amplitude increased roughly from the Coquimbo Region to the country’s central and southern zone. Variations in the agroclimatic indices’ behavior can affect yield and production of crops; thus, agroclimatic information presented here can support the zoning and selection of the cropping system.

    Enlace permanente: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14001/68684

    agroclimatologia cambio climatico precipitacion observaciones meteorologicas
  • Miniatura
    Artículo
    [Una denominación bi-nacional de origen: Pisco en Chile y Perú]

    Autor: Lacoste G., Pablo; Jiménez, Diego; Castro, Amalia; Rendon, Bibiana; Soto, Natalia

    Serie Documental: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research

    N° Documento: v. 73(4) p. 424-429

    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the essential foods of the human diet; advances in agronomic crop management can improve productivity and profitability as well as reduce adverse environmental impacts. Nitrogen rates in Chile are generally based on crop yield without considering other agronomic factors. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of increasing N rates on plant nutrient composition and N apparent recovery in rice cultivated in five different locations in Chile. The five sites located in central Chile belong to one of the following soil orders: Inceptisol, Alfisol, and Vertisol; they were cropped in field conditions with 'Zafiro-INIA' rice fertilized with 0, 80, and 160 kg N ha-1. Whole-plant total DM, macronutrient composition, and N apparent recovery efficiency (NARE) were determined at grain harvest. Results indicate that all evaluated parameters, with the exception of K concentration, were affected by the soil used. Nitrogen rates only affected total DM production and P, K, and Mg concentrations in plants. Phosphorus and K response decreased when N was added to some soils, which is associated with its chemical properties. Magnesium concentration exhibited an erratic effect, but it was not affected by the N rate in most soils. Nitrogen apparent recovery efficiency was not affected by the N rate and accounted for approximately 49% and 41% for 80 and 160 kg N ha-1, respectively. Macronutrient composition was 5.1-7.7 g N, 1.3-1.8 g P, 5.4-10.8 g K, 1.68-2.57 g Ca, and 0.81-1.45 g Mg kg-1 of total DM

    Enlace permanente: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14001/38272

    pisco denominacion de origen agroclimatologia clasificacion de productos industria vinifera
  • Miniatura
    Artículo
    [Variabilidad espacio-temporal de NDVI y temperatura superficial terrestre en las Regiones del Maule y Biobio (2000-2012)]

    Autor: Soto M., Luis; Maldonado I., Isaac

    Serie Documental: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research

    N° Documento: v. 75(4) p. 434-442

    The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland) reports that climatic zoning requires new methodologies to discriminate homogeneous areas due to new scenarios generating global climatic change. The objective of this study was to perform climatic zoning by analyzing spatial and temporal variability of land surface temperature (LST) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The 20-yr sequence of MODIS (LST and NDVI) images was analyzed by harmonic analysis, empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs), and continuous wavelet cross-correlation functions

    Enlace permanente: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14001/33553

    agricultura de precision teledeteccion variabilidad espacial agroclimatologia